All risk factors
Every entry cites at least one primary source. Group 3 (not classifiable) and Group 4 (probably not carcinogenic) are hidden by default — toggle them in if you want the full IARC list.
- Excess body weightPersonal Habits
Lifestyle. Body fat above what is considered healthy for height and frame, sustained over time.
- IARC Group 2ANight shift workPersonal Habits
Lifestyle. Regular work shifts during the biological night that disrupt circadian rhythms — common in healthcare, transport, security, and manufacturing.
- Physical inactivityPersonal Habits
Lifestyle. Not meeting WHO's minimum recommended physical activity (150 minutes of moderate-intensity per week for adults).
- IARC Group 1Smokeless tobaccoPersonal Habits
Chewed, dipped, or sniffed. Chewing tobacco, snuff, snus, and similar tobacco products taken without burning.
- IARC Group 1Solar UV radiation (sunlight)Personal Habits
On skin and eyes. Time spent in sunlight without protection; highest exposure midday and at higher altitudes or lower latitudes.
- IARC Group 1Tobacco smokingPersonal Habits
Inhaled. Smoking cigarettes, cigars, pipes, water pipes, and other forms of burning tobacco.
- IARC Group 1UV tanning devicesPersonal Habits
On skin and eyes. Tanning beds and sunlamps. Risk is highest when use begins in adolescence or early adulthood.
- IARC Group 2AAnabolic-androgenic steroidsPersonal Habits
Self-administered, usually injected. Non-medical use for muscle building in some athletic and bodybuilding communities.