Reference summary — not medical advice or a personal risk estimate.
Anabolic-androgenic steroids
Group 1 — carcinogenic to humansPersonal HabitsbehavioralEvidence: sufficient_in_humans
Summary
Used non-medically for muscle building. Associated with liver and prostate cancer.
Detail
Androgenic (anabolic) steroids are Group 1 with sufficient evidence for liver cancer and limited evidence for prostate cancer. Non-medical use is widespread in some athletic and bodybuilding communities.
Regional relevance
global
global
Documented in these products
Presence in a product category doesn't imply the product causes cancer. Click each to see the source and context.
Sources
Consumer references
Third-party tools some readers use alongside primary evidence. Meyron doesn't endorse them; we link them because you'll otherwise hit them anyway.
- California Prop 65 list
State of California's list of chemicals known to cause cancer or reproductive harm.