All risk factors
Every entry cites at least one primary source. Group 3 (not classifiable) and Group 4 (probably not carcinogenic) are hidden by default — toggle them in if you want the full IARC list.
Showing 5 of 738
- Late age at first full-term pregnancyReproductive & Hormonal
Reproductive history. Applies to people who have their first full-term pregnancy after age 30.
- Never having a full-term pregnancy (nulliparity)Reproductive & Hormonal
Reproductive history. Applies to people who have never carried a pregnancy to full term.
- Early onset of menstruation (before age 12)Reproductive & Hormonal
Biological / developmental. Applies to people whose first menstrual period occurred before age 12.
- Late menopause (after age 55)Reproductive & Hormonal
Biological / developmental. Applies to people who reach natural menopause after age 55.
- Not breastfeedingReproductive & Hormonal
Reproductive history. Applies to people who did not breastfeed, or breastfed for a shorter cumulative duration.